![]() ![]() His passion for animals began at a young age, and he has since dedicated himself to studying the behavior, anatomy, and habitats of various species. Ekram is a curious and adventurous individual who always seeks to learn more about the world around him. He is a zoology major and his love for animals, nature, and wildlife is evident in his academic pursuits. Md Ekram Hossain Bhuiyan is a passionate student currently pursuing his studies at Jagannath University in Dhaka. General Characters of All Classes of Vertebrates.Hoplobatrachus tigerinus (Previously Rana tigrina) | Indian Bull Frog.Blood Circulatory System of Frog | Diagram.Nervous System and Sense Organs of Frog | Diagram.The eggs are collected inside the ovisacs before being laid.Before opening into the cloaca, each oviduct forms a sac-like ovisac.The posterior end of the oviduct opens into the cloaca.The anterior end of the oviduct is a funnel-like opening called ostia.They are not connected to the ovaries directly.Ova are produced inside the ovaries by the process of oogenesis.The ovaries become greatly enlarged during the breeding season.The attachment of the ovaries to the dorsal abdominal wall is supported by the mesovarium.Each ovary is attached to the dorsal abdominal wall near the kidney.The female reproductive system of frog consists of two ovaries and two oviducts.The urinogenital ducts form seminal vesicles which are the temporary storage for the spermatozoa.Ureters are the urinogenital ducts for male frogs.Ureters in male frogs carry both urinary products and genital products.All the seminiferous tubules unite to form 10-12 vasa efferentia.Sperms of the frog are produced in the testis by the process of spermatogenesis.Each testis is a compact mass of much coiled seminiferous tubules.Fat bodies are present near the anterior end of the testis which provide food to the developing spermatozoa.Mesorchium is a double fold of peritoneum.It is attached to the kidney by mesorchium.It is an elongated body attached to the kidney at the antero-ventral region.The male reproductive system of frog consists of two testis, vasa efferentia and two urinogenital ducts.Then the urine eliminated through the cloacal aperture.The remaining fluid forming urine is carried by the ureters and is temporarily stored in the urinary bladder.Then the useful substances are reabsorbed into the blood.Due to ultrafiltration of blood in the glomerulus, excessive water with nitrogenous wastes is filtered out into the Bowman’s capsule.It is present between the bases of the two hindlimbs.The cloaca opens outside by a sphinctered cloacal aperture.The anus, urino-genital apertures and urinary bladder opens here.It is a thin-walled, transparent, and bilobed sac.The ureters open into the urinary bladder.In male frogs, ureters pass both the urinary and genital products (sperms) and that’s why it is called the urinogenital duct for the male frog only.It extends backward to open into the cloaca.The ureter is a tube that arises from the posterior outer margin of each kidney.Anteriorly, each kidney has several small fat bodies and a testis or ovary.On their ventral surfaces, they are covered with peritoneum.They lie posteriorly, outside the abdominal coelom, and attached to the vertebral column.This system includes a pair of kidneys, a pair of ureters, a urinary bladder, and a cloaca.It is similar in both males and females.It is a physiological process by which the animals expel their nitrogenous wastes from the body.Diagramįig: Female urinogenital system of frog. So the systems are generally described together. Though both systems are completely different but in male frogs’, urinary products and reproductive/genital products pass out through common urinogenital ducts. The urinogenital system is the combination of the excretory system and the reproductive system. In this article about the frog, we will discuss the urinogenital system of frog ( Hoplobatrachus tigerinus or Rana tigrina). ![]()
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